KEY HIGHLIGHTS
- Popular cars like the Thar Roxx, Jimny, and Fortuner are equipped with this mechanical component.
- The switch from 4X2 to 4X4 can happen while the car is in motion. However, to activate 4L, the vehicle must be stationary and in neutral gear.
- Read more to learn about locking differentials.
In the world of off-roading, locking differentials, or differential locks, play a crucial supporting role, allowing SUVs to tackle unpredictable and extremely difficult terrains with total confidence. These mechanisms act as helping hands for large vehicles, enabling drivers to explore uncharted areas. Popular models like the Mahindra Thar Roxx 4X4, Thar 4X4, and Maruti Jimny are equipped with this mechanical feature.
But do you know how it works? If not, follow me to understand it in simple terms. Lets get started! And don't forget to join the 91wheels WhatsApp Community to stay updated on all things automotive.
Also Read: Types Of Drivetrains Explained - FWD, RWD, AWD and 4WD
What Is Locking Differntial?
You may have heard about the 4X4 drivetrain, where each wheel receives power from the engine, providing excellent grip on the road. However, each wheel rotates at a different speed due to independent suspensions (in SUVs) and the ECU, which allows each wheel to receive the appropriate amount of power for maximum grip. When the differential is locked, all wheels move at the same speed, resulting in uniform movement for the SUV.
Moving ahead in this setting becomes confident, especially on rocky surfaces, and powerful when climbing a steep incline. There are two axles in the car: one for the front wheels and one for the rear. When locked, each axle receives the same amount of power, so whether you move left or right or press the pedal, the performance remains consistent.
4H And 4L Difference
In 4X4 SUVs, the driver has the option to change the driveterain of the vehicle from RWD to 4X4. In normal city conditions, there is no need of 4X4 setting and any vehicle can easily run with 4X2 setting. Which the Toyota calls, H2 setting. If you have ever set in Toyota Fortuner, than you must have seen this setting.
"4H" translates to 4X4, where every wheel gets traction. It can be switched on in an SUV while it is in motion. In contrast, "4L" is quite different and cannot be switched like 4H. To activate it, the SUV should be in neutral gear and still, because the maximum amount of torque is sent at low speeds and at initial RPMs. During steep inclines or mud-filled roads, the vehicle needs maximum torque initially to cross those barriers.
When 4L is activated, the traction control turns off, allowing the SUV to move freely. It's important to note that on smooth, regular roads, the SUV won't work well in 4L, as it can only reach speeds of about 30 to 40 km/h.
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Verdict
Earlier, this system was available only in larger, high-priced SUVs, but now the Thar 4X4 offers it for around Rs 14 to 16 lakh. With these features, the possibilities for the vehicle are maximized, allowing drivers to take their cars just about anywhere. In some high-end cars, automatic locking differentials come standard, doing everything on their own. However, engaging it manually is what makes it exciting.
